Skip to main content

About HIndustani Music

The Sun has started lengthening the duration of the day and also the temperature scale here in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Summers are good though for Bansuri playing. Cold makes it difficult for your lungs to breath. Also, your mouth and tongue become dry regularly.

In my previous post, I shared some information about the instrument. Now, I shall try to share the basics of what we have to learn and play on the instrument.

I will talk about music in general and a bit more detail about Hindustani Sangeet. Hope you find it useful.

Music

Any music, in any part of the world, comprises of two main components: a) Notes     b) Rhythm.

a) Notes: A note is actually a predefined method(pitch) of producing sound. It is this method which differentiates between any ordinary noise/sound and music.

If you consider, except a few languages, all others are based on sound. The alphabets that actually form a language are nothing but a particular sound humans can produce through the vibration of their vocal cords. When these same sounds are produced with the frequency and wavelength specified for a note, you create music.

b) Rhythm: Space, or pause between two consecutive notes is of utmost importance in music. It is this pause itself which makes the music worth listening and enjoying. These particular pauses which decide the time duration between two consecutive notes is said to be rhythm.

A beautiful way to understand it is to consider notes as pearls, and rhythm as the string that arranges the pearls together in a marvelous order. Together they form the necklace of divine music.


Hindustani Sangeet

Hindustani music is the term given to the music of ancient India. India is probably the only country that has an entire treatise "Saamved" dedicated to music and such arts. There are obviously many other books and scriptures on Indian music.

Hindustani Sangeet originated from Bhagwan Shankar and Bhagwati Parvati. This music was originally in the form of 6 main ragas. Namely, Bhairav, Malkauns, Deepak, Shri, Megh and Hindol. Out of these, Malkauns is said to be originated from Bhagwati Parvati and the rest from Bhagwan Shiv.

The notes that we discussed above are 7 in total. Their names are Shadaj, Rishabh, Gandhar, Madhyam, Pancham, Dhaivat and Nishad. Taking the starting letters of each of these gives us the names we commonly use i.e.:

Sa(Shadaj)
Re(Rishabh)
Ga(Gandhar)
Ma(Madhyam)
Pa(Pancham)
Dha(Dhaivat)
Ni(Nishad)

Shadaj or Sa is the first note. In Hindustani Sangeet, Sa is the reference note or the first note on the basis of which all the other notes are positioned. 

One interesting question that may arise in your mind is that how to measure the distance between two notes. How to position them??

To answer these, we come across the concept of Shruti. Shruti can be understood as the lowest possible pitch interval that can be perceived by human ear. There are total 22 Shrutis in Hindustani Sangeet.

According to this Re is always at a distance of 3 Shrutis(3 pitch intervals) from Sa. Hence, Hindustani Sangeet is a relative music concept in which each note is placed with respect to its neighboring note.

Now, moving forward, to define rhythm, we have the concept of Taal. In Hindustani music, taal is a particular rhythmic pattern in which a composition is rendered. It is generally created by different percussion instruments, most common among them is the Tabla.

By beating different parts of the instrument, different kinds of beats are generated. These beats are vocalised in Hindustani Sangeet and are called bols. For example, Dha, Dhin, Ta, Tin etc.

The speed at which these taals are played decides the tempo of the composition. There are 3 main tempos in Hindustani Sangeet: Vilambit(Slow), Madhyam(Medium) and Dhrut(Fast).

The most common taal in Hindustani Sangeet is Teental or Tintaal which has a cycle of 16 beats and is divided into 4 equal parts. Hence, each part has 4 beats.


This one has been a very lengthy talk, hope it is not too much in one go. Will take a pause here. Will start with the Bansuri next time. 

May music bless us all...

Thank you for taking out time to read me.

C U Soon...

Thanks.

Ninad.


Comments

  1. Nice blog, thank you for sharing such an amazing and informative post. Want to make a noise in the audio industry, the Sound Engineering courses is the best place to start.
    Sound Engineering In Chennai
    Sound Engineering Colleges In Chennai
    Sound Engineering Courses In Chennai
    Music Production Courses In Chennai

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The First Sur On Your Bansuri

Summers are picking up here in India, and so is the heat. You do not feel to do much now in this season. You just want to lay around, being lazy. Well, hopefully, my previous posts have been useful to aspiring flautists like myself. Today, I shall share with you how to produce the notes. One of the most important lessons as far as any musical art is considered. What is an octave??? This word is commonly used in the western music. We use the word Saptak in India. So what is a Saptak after all?? A Saptak can be defined as a set of all succeeding notes starting from Sa. Hence, none of the notes are repeated in a Saptak. There are three main octaves(Saptak). Mandra Saptak ( Lower Octave) Madhya Saptak (Middle Octave) Taar Saptak (Higher Octave). Uptil what notes and octave a performer is able to perform is known as his range. For Hindustani Sangeet vocalists, the range is around 3 to 3.5 octaves. For instrumentalists, this range is dependent on the instrument. Bansuri has a

Bansuri The Instrument

I was thinking today to start this post in a different way. Always starting with a 'hi' or a 'hello' sounded more like an email. Isn't it?? Another dilemma haunting me was, should I post about basics of Indian classical music first or about Bansuri the instrument itself. Than I thought starting off with the instrument would be a nice idea. So, here we are. Lets see, hmmmm... Bansuri as you all know is made up of bamboo wood and is one of the oldest musical instruments known to humans. It is found in many civilizations. Hence, it has many different versions or types too..Irish flute, Indian flute, South Indian flute(Venu), Chinese flute etc. Indian Bamboo Flute - Bansuri Irish Flute South Indian - Venu Chinese Flute Dizi All of the above flutes are played transversely, but, there are flutes which can be played like a whistle, in a straight way. Straight and Transverse Flutes The instrument that I am learning and the one a

How to Play the Bansuri??

Is it not amazing, how a small piece of bamboo, with lots of holes on it, can be used to create music so divine and peaceful?? I sometimes just cannot stop thinking about those people, and their level of intellect, who first discovered music, the notes, and all those combinations. How were they able to do it?? Who taught them?? We might not have answers to all, but, whatever it is, it is mesmerizing. Let us push the boat forward in the ocean and know the first practical lesson on Bansuri playing. I have not learned anything directly from a Guru so whatever I know, is from my own mistakes. To begin with, let us learn how to hold the Bansuri. If your fingers are decently long, i.e. of medium length, you would be able to hold the G Natural Meduim Scale flute comfortably. The most used fingering technique is the one propagated by the legendary Pandit Hariprasad Chaurasia. You can easily notice that the holes of the Bansuri are covered with the pads of the fingers and not the f